명곡감상
폴란드의 피아니스트 브와디스와프 슈필만 (Władysław Szpilman, 1911 ~ 2000)의 Chopin – Nocturne No. 20 in C Sharp Minor, Op. Posth
브와디스와프 슈필만 (Władysław Szpilman, 1911년 12월 5일 ~ 2000년 7월 6일)은 폴란드의 유대계 피아노 연주자이다.
– 브와디스와프 슈필만 (Władysław Szpilman)
.출생: 1911년 12월 5일, 폴란드 소스노비에츠
.사망: 2000년 7월 6일, 폴란드 바르샤바
.부모: 사무엘 슈필만, 에드워다 슈필만
.형제자매: 헨리크 슈필만, 레지나 슈필만, 할리나 슈필만
.배우자: 할리나 슈필만 (1950년–2000년)
.자녀: 크리스토퍼 W. A. 슈필만, 안제이 슈필만
.저서: The Pianist: The Extraordinary True Story of One Man’s Survival in Warsaw, 1939-1945
그가 피아노 연주자로 활동하던 1939년 독일의 폴란드 침공이 일어났다.
그는 바르샤바 게토 (Warsaw Ghetto)로 강제 이주됐고, 레스토랑에서 피아노를 연주했다.
대량 학살 이후 게토가 없어지고 대부분의 게토 주민들이 죽었을 때 그는 노동자로서 죽임을 당하지 않았고, 도망쳐서 바르샤뱌의 게토가 있었던 곳에서 숨어 살았다.
나치에 불만을 가졌던 독일군의 빌름 호센펠트 대위 (Wilm Hosenfeld)가 소비에트 연방이 바르샤바를 점령하여, 독일군이 물러날때까지 슈필만에게 음식과 잠자리를 제공해 줬으며, 전쟁이 끝난 후, 그는 1952년, 소련의 포로 수용소로 끌려가 죽었다고 한다.
1945년 전쟁이 끝난 직후, 슈필만은 폴란드에서 피아노 연주자로 활동하면서 폴란드 대중 음악 작곡가가 되었다.
그리고 그는 자신이 바르샤바에서 살아남은 내용을 담은 《도시의 죽음 (Śmierć Miasta)》이라는 제목의 자서전을 썼다.
하지만, 이 책은 전쟁에 대한 관점 때문에 공산주의 정권에게 검열당해야 했다.
약 50년이 더 지나 1998년에 《피아니스트》라는 제목으로 다시 출판되었고, 이를 토대로 2002년에 로만 폴란스키 감독이 영화로 만들었다.
○ Chopin – Nocturne No. 20 in C Sharp Minor, Op. Posth. : Wladyslaw Szpilman “The Pianist”
Frédéric Chopin – Nocturne for piano in C sharp minor.
Wladyslaw Szpilman, piano, 1997.
00:00 Nocturne for piano in C sharp minor
03:38 Documentary
Wladyslaw Szpilman (5.XII.1911 Sosnowiec, Poland – 6.VII.2000, Warsaw, Poland) plays Chopin: Nocturne C sharp-minor Op. posth. Recorded in Warsaw at home in 1997. Cameraman Jaroslaw Mazur. Szpilman played this music in the last live broadcast for the Polish Radio on 23.IX.1939. An hour later German bombs destroyed its power supply and the Warsaw Radio closed for long 6 years.
This Nocturne was among the last works Chopin composed before departing Poland on November 2, 1830. Like many of his early compositions, it carries no opus number, and would not be published until well after his death – in this case, not until 1870. Its late appearance in print accounts for its high numbering: chronologically, it was not his 20th Nocturne, but only his second, written probably within a year or two of his initial effort, the E minor (ca. 1829). Both these early works already contain the intimate passion and melancholy character of Chopin’s later nocturnes, as well as their unique harmonic sense.
The Nocturne in C sharp minor here opens with a brief introduction, a mixture of the stately and the desolate in its hesitant, ponderous character. The melancholy main theme is then presented, a lovely creation in its graceful trills and dark atmosphere. The mood brightens marginally in the secondary material, but still cannot break with the forlorn character established by the opening melody. The main theme returns in the latter half, now more resolute in its sadness, gradually becoming more despondent as the music gently fades away at the end. Lasting about four minutes, this lovely Nocturne is yet another gem among the many in Chopin’s considerable keyboard output.
The second of Chopin’s nocturnes, this C sharp minor effort bears no opus number and was not published until 1870, more than 20 years after the composer’s death. This was one of the last compositions Chopin wrote before departing Poland, which he would never see again, owing to the political turmoil resulting from the 1830 uprising which left him a political exile, forced to spend his remaining years in France.
After a brief, rather sober introduction, Chopin presents a dark theme whose beauty is both subtle and direct, unfolding sadly in its fluttering trills and gray mists. Towards the middle, the music suggests a certain playfulness, hinting even at joy. But the forlorn main theme returns with its gentle gloom to cast a languorous and lasting pall over the musical landscape. Atmospherically, this is one of Chopin’s stronger nocturnes, thanks not only to the imaginative thematic wares, but also to the subtle harmonies, which deftly underpin the melody and help to forge the dark colors and captivating mood of the piece.
Szpilman is widely known as the protagonist of the 2002 Roman Polanski film The Pianist, which is based on the book “The Pianist” recounting his survival of the German occupation of Warsaw and the Holocaust.
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