명곡감상
러시아계 미국인 작곡가 세르게이 라흐마니노프 (Vasil’evich Rachmaninov, 1873 ~ 1943)의 ‘교향곡 1번 라단조’ (Symphony No. 1 in D minor, Op. 13, 1895년작)
세르게이 바실리예비치 라흐마니노프 (Vasil’evich Rachmaninov, 러: Сергей Васильевич Рахманинов, 1873년 4월 1일 ~ 1943년 3월 28일)는 러시아계 미국인 작곡가, 피아노 연주가이자 지휘자이다.
라흐마니노프는 후기 낭만파에 속하는 작품을 썼다. 그의 작품은 다양한 악곡 형식과 장르를 포괄하지만, 그 안에서도 슬라브적인 경향이 짙게 나타난다.
그의 작품에는 다섯 개의 피아노 협주곡, 세 개의 교향곡과 두 개의 피아노 소나타, 세 개의 오페라, 저녁기도곡, 《파가니니 주제에 의한 광시곡》, 전주곡 올림 다 단조를 포함한 스물 네 개의 전주곡, 열 일곱 개의 연습곡, 교향적 무곡과 많은 가곡 등이 있다. 그는 비록 명백히 쇼팽과 리스트의 영향을 받았지만, 그의 작품 대부분은 차이콥스키와 비슷한 후기 낭만파 양식이다.
○ Sergei Rachmaninov – Symphony No. 1 in D minor, Op. 13 (1895)
Sergei Vasilievich Rachmaninoff (Russian: Серге́й Васи́льевич Рахма́нинов, tr. Sergéj Vasíl’evič Rahmáninov; 1 April [O.S. 20 March] 1873 ~ 28 March 1943) was a Russian pianist, composer, and conductor of the late-Romantic period, some of whose works are among the most popular in the classical repertoire. He is regarded as one of the major composers of the 20th century.
- Symphony No. 1 in D minor, Op. 13 (1895)
I. Grave—Allegro ma non troppo (D minor) (0:00)
II. Allegro animato (D minor) (13:02)
III. Larghetto (B♭ major) (20:45)
IV. Allegro con fuoco (D major) (29:38) - Royal Concertgebouworkest conducted by Vladimir Ashkenazy
Symphony No. 1 in D minor, his Op. 13, was composed between January and October 1895 at his Ivanovka estate near Tambov, Russia. Despite its poor initial reception the symphony is now seen as a dynamic representation of the Russian symphonic tradition, with British composer Robert Simpson calling it “a powerful work in its own right, stemming from Borodin and Tchaikovsky, but convinced, individual, finely constructed, and achieving a genuinely tragic and heroic expression that stands far above the pathos of his later music.”
The premiere, which took place in St. Petersburg on March 28, 1897, was an absolute disaster for reasons which included under-rehearsal and the poor performance of the conductor Alexander Glazunov. Rachmaninoff subsequently suffered a psychological collapse but did not destroy or attempt to disown the score. It was left in Russia when he went into exile in 1917 and subsequently lost. In 1944, after the composer’s death, the separate instrumental parts of the symphony were discovered and were used to reconstruct the full score. The symphony’s second performance took place at the Moscow Conservatory on October 17, 1945, conducted by Aleksandr Gauk. Following a general reassessment of Rachmaninoff’s music, the First Symphony has been performed frequently and recorded several times.
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