호주 연방정부 Budget 2020 발표, “Covid-19로부터 호주 지키기 위한 예산”
경제 3.75% 하락하지만 내년 4.25% 성장할 것, 2137억불 재정적자 예상
개인세금 적용하한선은 연소득 9만불에서 12만불로 상향, 연봉20만불이상 45% 소득세율
경기부양책으로 수습직 채용지원 12억불 편성, 16-30세 고용주 주당200불 지원
코로나백신개발 17억불, 이민자는 년간 16만명으로 제한
대학 연구에 10억불 추가지원, 초대형 건설분야 70억불 이상 예산 편성 [Federal Budget Summary 첨부]
호주 연방정부는 “Covid-19로 대공황 이후 가장 심각한 글로벌 경제 위기에서 호주를 지키기 위한 예산”이라며 ‘Budget 2020-21’을 10월 6일(현지시간) 발표했다. 세금에서 연금 및 환경에 이르기까지 호주를 경제 위기에서 벗어나기 위한 여러 조치들을 발표했다,
코로나19로 경제는 3.75%로 떨어지지만 내년에는 4.25%로 성장할 것으로 전망되는 가운데 실업률은 10-12월 분기에 8%로 악화된 후 2023년 중반까지는 6%를 넘어설 것으로 보고 있다.
코로나19 여파로 역대최고인 2,137억불의 재정적자를 예상하지만, 재정적자는 2021-22 회계연도에는 1,050불 그리고 2023-24 회계연도에는 669억불로 감소한다는 전망이다. 순 부채는 2020-21 회계연도에 GDP의 36%인 7,030억불에 달할 것으로 보이며 2023-2024 회계연도에는 GDP의 44%인 9,660억불로 늘어나게 된다.
당초 2022년 7월 시행 예정이었던 개인소득세 인하를 2년 앞당겨 7월 1일부터 소급 적용한다. 소득세율 32.5% 적용하한선이 연소득 9만불에서 12만불로 상향조정 되고 37%의 소득세율은 30%로 인하되며 대상은 연소득 4만5,000불에서 20만불까지이다. 4만5,000불 미만의 소득자에게는 19%의 세율이 적용되며 연소득 1만8,200불 이하 소득자는 종전대로 비과세 대상이다. 반면, 연봉 20만불 이상자의 경우에는 45%의 소득세율이 적용된다.
경기부양책과 경제성장으로 향후 4년 동안 95만개의 일자리를 창출한다. 10만 여 명의 수습직 사원 및 견습생 채용을 위해 12억불의 예산을 편성했다. 젊은층을 풀타임으로 채용하는 고용주들에게는 구직지원금을 제공한다. 잡시커를 받는 16-30세를 고용하면 1년동안 고용주에게 주당 200불을 지원하고 30-35세를 고용하면 주당 100불을 지원한다.
그외 코로나19 백신개발에 17억불을 지원하며, 이민자는 년간 16만명으로 제한한다. 교육분야 특히 대학 연구에 10억불을 추가지원하며, 경기부양책으로는 초대형 건설분야에 70억불 이상의 예산을 편성한다.
○ Federal Budget 2020-21 Summary
– Taxes
.More than 11 million Australians will receive tax cuts with a permanent cut of $47 a week for high-income earners.
.Middle-income earners will also receive a one-off $21 with extension of the low and middle-income tax offset into 2020-21.
.From 2020-21, the upper limit of the 19% personal income tax bracket will rise to $45,000 and the 32.5% marginal tax rate upper threshold will lift from $90,000 to $120,000.
– Jobs
.The Morrison government will pay businesses up to $200 per week to hire young Australians as part of a $4bn budget measure that aims to reverse an increase in youth unemployment during the recession.
.The new incentive will target firms that employ young workers who had previously been receiving jobseeker.
.It follows Sunday’s announcement of expanded training subsidies, with the government pledging to cover half the wages of 100,000 new apprenticeships and traineeships.
– Welfare
.The government has announced two additional economic support payments of $250 to pensioners and other eligible recipients, worth $2.6bn.
.Extension of the jobkeeper payment support for a further six months until 28 March 2021.
.Extension of the coronavirus supplement until 31 December 2020 at a rate of $250 per fortnight from 25 September 2020.
.The budget doesn’t provide any clarity about the future of jobseeker payment rates after Christmas.
.Treasurer hands down federal budget derailed by coronavirus pandemic – as it happened
– Education
.$1bn will be injected into Australia’s university research sector.
.Funding for 50,000 online short courses to upskill workers and unemployed Australians in teaching, health, science, information technology and agriculture.
.$299m to provide an additional 12,000 undergraduate university places in 2021.
Small business
.Businesses with a turnover of less than $5bn – all but the top 1% – will be able to deduct the full cost of capital assets purchased after budget night and first used or installed by 30 June 2022.
.Small and medium businesses will also be able to apply “full expensing” to second-hand assets; businesses earning $50m to $500m will be able to do so for assets of less than $150,000.
.Companies with turnover up to $5bn will be able to offset losses against previous profits on which tax has been paid, to generate a refund.
.Exempting from the 47% fringe benefits tax employer-provided retraining activities to employees who are redeployed to a different role in the business.
.$4.5bn investment in NBN Co and $29.2m to accelerate the rollout of the 5G network.
– Health
.23,000 new packages for older Australians waiting to receive at home care, at a cost of $1.6bn.
.$2.3bn in announced funding for investment in Covid-19 treatments and vaccines and funding for the listing of new drugs on the pharmaceutical benefits scheme, including Lynparza for women diagnosed with ovarian cancer.
.$750m in funding for Covid-19 testing and $171m for the extended operation of up to 150 dedicated respiratory clinics to manage and diagnose Covid-19 cases.
.$798.8m for the National Disability Insurance Agency and NDIS Quality and Safeguards Commission.
.A targeted capital gains tax exemption for granny flat arrangements where there is a formal written agreement, applying to arrangements with older Australians or those with a disability.
– Environment
.The Morrison government’s environment and energy budgets consist largely of pre-announced items, including funding for its technology roadmap for reducing Australia’s emissions and $52m for the expansion of Australia’s gas industry.
.Tuesday’s budget reiterated the government’s plan to fund the Australian Renewable Energy Agency (Arena) for a further 10 years from 2022 to a total of $1.4bn. Over the next four years, the agency will receive $223.9m.
.The government is spending $50m on carbon capture and storage to fund pilot projects it claims will “dramatically cut” emissions from industrial facilities and there is $70.4m over five years for a regional hydrogen export hub.
.The environment minister, Sussan Ley, said the government would spend $67.4m on oceans and marine ecosystems.
.Earlier this year the government announced $25m to reduce the timeframes for approvals for major projects. Tuesday night’s budget adds an extra $12m in funding over the next two years.
.There is $52.9m for investments in gas – announced in September – including $10.9m for planning of gas infrastructure.
.The government will spend $249.6m over four years on waste and recycling policies, including $190m for a recycling modernisation fund for new infrastructure to sort plastic, paper, tyres and glass waste and $233.4m to upgrade facilities at national parks.
– Infrastructure
.$14bn in new and accelerated infrastructure projects over the next four years in every state and territory, including Melbourne to Brisbane inland rail and Western Sydney international (Nancy-Bird Walton) airport
.$3bn towards shovel-ready projects to support further job creation and economic recovery, including for small scale road safety projects.
– Housing
.An additional 10,000 places in first home loan deposit scheme in 2020-21 to support the purchase of a new home or a newly built home.
– Super
.Australians will automatically keep their superannuation fund when they change employers, stopping the creation of unintended multiple accounts.
.A new online YourSuper comparison tool will help people compare the performance of funds which will be required to meet an annual performance test.
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